New Zealand and Chilean Education

Chile	New Zealand
Pre-school: For children up to 5 years old.          Primary school: (Enseñanza básica) for children aged 6–13 years old, divided into 8 grades.          Secondary school: (Enseñanza media) for teenagers aged 14–17 years old, divided into 4 grades.	The education system in New Zealand is a three-tier model which includes primary schools, followed by secondary schools (high schools) and tertiary education at universities and/or polytechnics.
A constitutional reform in 2007 guaranteed free access to pre-school, but did not make it mandatory. The coverage for pre-school in 2009 was 37.43% (for children aged 0 to 5) and 44.96% (for persons of any age).	Free primary and secondary education is a right for all New Zealand citizens, and those entitled to live in New Zealand indefinitely, from a student's 5th birthday until the end of the calendar year following the student's 19th birthday, and compulsory between their 6th and 16th birthdays.
The Chilean state provides an extensive system of education vouchers that covers about 93% of primary and secondary students (the other 7% attend non-subsidized private schools). The system is based on a direct payment to the schools based on daily attendance. Schools are either public (nearly all owned by the municipality of the commune in which the school is located) or private, which may receive government subsidies.	All schools have a socioeconomic ranking commonly called a decile ranking that goes from 10—most wealthy—to 1—poorest. The ranking is reviewed about every 5 years. Factors taken into consideration are income, types of jobs, percentage on a benefit, parent’s qualifications. Schools with high rating receive less funds from Government than low rating schools.
Students can choose between 25 "traditional" universities (public or private) and 35 private ones. There is a single, transparent admission system used by 33 universities (all 25 "traditional" universities and eight private ones which joined in 2011). The test, called PSU, an acronym for University Selection Test (Prueba de Selección Universitaria) is designed and evaluated by the University of Chile, while the system itself is managed by the Ministry of Education (Ministerio de Educación). The test consists of two mandatory exams, one in Mathematics and one in Language. There are also two additional specific exams, Sciences (including Chemistry, Physics and Biology fields) and History, depending on which undergraduate program the student wishes to apply to. The cumulative grade point average achieved during secondary school is also taken into account in the final admission score, as well as the student's relative position in his class and two previous promotions. Every university assigns different weightings to the results of the various exams for the various programs offered. Some universities may require additional (non-PSU) tests or personal interviews for admission to some programs.	Typically, a bachelor's degree will take three years, and a further year of study will lead to an Honours degree. Not every degree follows this 3+1 pattern: there are some four year degrees (which may or may not be awarded with Honours), and some specialist bachelor's degrees which take longer to complete. Typically, Honours may be awarded with first class, upper second class, lower second class or third class, but this can vary from degree to degree. A bachelor's degree may be followed by a Master's degree. A candidate who does not hold an Honours degree may be awarded a Master's degree with honours: such a degree usually involves two years study, compared to one year for a Master's degree for a candidate who does have an Honours degree. A candidate who has either a Master's degree or a bachelor's degree with Honours may proceed to a doctoral degree. Entry to most universities was previously "open", that is to say that one only needed to meet the minimum requirements in the school-leaving examinations (be it NCEA or Bursary). However, most courses at New Zealand universities now have selective admissions, where candidates have to fulfill additional requirements through their qualifications, notably with the University of Auckland offering the largest number of selective-entry courses. Mature students usually do not need to meet the academic criteria demanded of students who enter directly from secondary school.
All universities and technical schools in Chile   charge enrollment and tuition costs. There are, however, several government scholarship programs granted to students based on merit or need. There are also loan programs offered by the government to students of "traditional" universities ("Fondo Solidario de Crédito Universitario", FSCU), which must be paid back after graduation based on the income earned. Students from any type of educational institution may also seek loans through private banks with the State acting as guarantee ("Crédito con Aval del Estado", CAE), but they charge much higher interest rates. Most scholarships and loan programs offered by the government only cover a "reference" annual tuition cost calculated by the government for every study course. The gap between the reference and the real tuition cost can be substantial at some educational institutions. Students are required to maintain a certain level of academic achievement to keep the benefit, which may vary from institution to institution	Funding for tertiary education in New Zealand is through a combination of government subsidies and student fees. The government funds approved courses by a tuition grant based on the number of enrolled students in each course and the amount of study time each course requires. Courses are rated on an equivalent full-time Student (EFTS) basis. Students enrolled in courses can access Student Loans and Student Allowances to assist with fees and living costs. Funding for Tertiary Institutions has been criticised recently due to high fees and funding not keeping pace with costs or inflation. Some also point out that high fees are leading to skills shortages in New Zealand as high costs discourage participation and graduating students seek well-paying jobs off shore to pay for their student loans debts. As a result, education funding has been undergoing an ongoing review in recent years[

Chile and New Zealand Pisa Scores. 

2013	Reading ability	Maths	Science
Chile	449	421	447
New Zealand	521	519	532