jueves, 25 de septiembre de 2014

short story

The wise king

Once there was a wise King everybody loves him because his wisdom but everybody was afraid about his power , in the kingdom existed a well en all people drank of that well including to the King.
One night a witch put seven drops of a mysterious liquid while she said” from this hour he who drinks this water shall become a mad” in the next morning all people had drunk that water and everybody becomes mad except the King and his lord, that day all people were bruiting the King is mad , we can not be ruled by a mad King, then the King and his lord drank of that water and they got mad too but now everybody loves him again.


  •      This story belongs to a social criticism.
  •       Connotative sense: this story show us how every one or every community can create its own reality when everybody got mad they created a new reality and the King did not belong to that reality and he prefered to drink that water to be into people´s reality and to be in harmony again.

miércoles, 24 de septiembre de 2014

General information of New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses – that of the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Māui, and the South Island, or Te Waipounamu – and numerous smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres (900 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of thePacific island areas of New CaledoniaFiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long isolation, New Zealand developed a distinctive biodiversity of animal, fungal and plant life. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland.
The official languages are English, Māori and New Zealand Sign Language, with English predominant. The country's economy was historically dominated by the export of wool, but exports of dairy products, meat, and wine, along with tourism, are more significant today.


Nationally, legislative authority is vested in an elected, unicameral Parliament, while executive political power is exercised by the Cabinet, led by the Prime Minister, who is currently John KeyQueen Elizabeth II is the country's head of state and is represented by a Governor-General. In addition, New Zealand is organised into 11 regional councils and 67 territorial authorities for local government purposes. The Realm of New Zealand also includes Tokelau (a dependent territory); the Cook Islands and Niue (self-governing states in free association with New Zealand); and the Ross Dependency, which is New Zealand's territorial claim in Antarctica. New Zealand is a member of the United NationsCommonwealth of NationsANZUSOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentPacific Islands Forum and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.


Artists of 20th Century

Colin McCahon, Rita Angus, and Toss Woollaston formed the trinity of native painters, who promoted modern art movement in New Zealand in the 20th century.
   The compositions of the pieces of art of these painters were intense and visionary. His works blend the beauty of New Zealand with their experience throughout their lives and trips abroad.
   Another great painter is Ralf Hotere who also focuses on the modern expressionist movement. His compositions focus on political movements, travel, poetry and religion like McCahon.

   These artists loved the landscapes of New Zealand, so his paintings reflect his feelings and appreciation for the beauty of this country.





Rita Angus (Henrietta Catherine Angus was born in Hastings on 12 March 1908 and died on 25 January 1970) was the eldest of seven children of William McKenzie Angus and Ethel Violet Crabtree. In 1921, her family moved to Palmerston North and she attended Palmerston North Girls' High School between 1922 and 1926. There her talent for art was recognized and she was encouraged to pursue it further.
 1927 and 1933 she began studying at the Canterbury College School of Art, where she never completed her diploma in fine arts.
1930 she exhibiting for first time with the Canterbury Society of Arts, her Self-portrait.
   1930 and 1934 she was married with the artist Alfred Cook, and after her divorce she signed many of her painting with the name of Rita Cook, and too with the name of R. Mackenzie or R. McKenzie, but the majority are signed Rita Angus.
  1931 the painting of Mount Taranaki, was a response to New Zealand's distinctive clear lighting. This painting was produced in a time when many people were concerned to create a distinctly New Zealand style and In the 1930s and 1940s she painted scenes of Canterbury and Otago. Finally on 1936 Rita Angus created one of the most famous painting calls Cass. Time more late she continued painting on Wellington landscapes particularly Thorndon and Island Bay, and completed more of her 55 self-portraits.
   Among Angus' influences were Byzantine art and cubism. She was also influenced by the English painter Christopher Perkins.



  
Colin John McCahon (was born 1 August 1919, Timaru and died 27 May 1987, Auckland) grew up attending the Maori Hill Primary School, Otago Boys High School and the Dunedin School of Art. He also spent a year in Oamaru during his primary school years. He was widely recognized as New Zealand’s foremost painter, his works encompassed many themes and styles, from landscape to figuration to abstraction and an innovative use of painted text. His adaption of aspects of modernist painting to a specific local situation and his intense engagement with spiritual matters, mark him out as a distinctive figure in twentieth-century art.
   The work of this artist was influenced for modernism, abstract expressionism, cubism and religion. the inspiration for created these painting was his deep devotion for religion, journeys, books that he read and his love for landscapes of New Zealand.

Some of his works are:
  •  The Angel of the Annunciation, Takaka: Night and Day, and The Promised Land (which emerged in the years immediately after the war)
  •  Otorgo Peninsula (1949)
  •  The Wake and the Northland panels (1958, was created after the visit to United Estate) 
  • Tomorrow will be the same but not as this is (1958-1959).





    
Ralph Hotere (was Born in Mitimiti, Northland, New Zealand 11 August 1931 and died 24 February 2013) was a New Zealand artist of Māori descent. He received his secondary education at St Peter's Maori College, Auckland. After early art training in Auckland, he moved to Dunedin in 1952, where he studied at King Edward Technical College. During the later 1950s, he worked as a schools art advisor for the Education Department in the Bay of Islands, and in 2003 received an Icon Award from the arts foundation of New Zealand
   In 1961 and 1962 studied in London, France and around Europe, these travels have a profound effect on Hotere’s work, notably in the “Sangro” and “Polaris” series of paintings.
   Also during the late 1960s, Hotere began the series of works with which he is perhaps best known, the Black Paintings. The inspiration for created these black painting was taken from poetry that speak of transcendence, of religion, or peace. These themes have extended to more recent works, notably the colossal "Black phoenix", constructed out of the burnt remains of a fishing boat.

   Political art; when Aramoana, a wetland near his Port Chalmers home, was proposed as the site for an aluminium smelter, Hotere was vocal in his opposition. This event, give him the inspiration to created the Aramoana series of paintings. More recently, his reactions to Middle-East politics have resulted in works such as "Jerusalem, Jerusalem" and "This might be a double cross jack".





  Toss Woollaston (Born 11 April 1910 in Toko, Taranaki and died 30 August 1998 in Upper Moutere) studied art at the Canterbury School of Art in Christchurch.
   In 1920s discovered the art of painting while working as a horticultural worker in the Nelson zone. In this time he was delighted by the tangible and sensuous qualities of paint as a means of expression.
   In 1934, studied two semesters at the Dunedin School of Art, and settled at Mapua, a township 30km east of Nelson. too Here he married Edith Alexander, had four children, and was part of a circle of prominent artists in the area which included Colin McCahon, Doris Lusk and Patrick Hayman.
   In 1949 relocated to Greymouth, where he responded enthusiastically to the dramatic West Coast landscape.
   In 1950s seem to take their cue from the scale of this landscape, increasing in size and suppressing pictorial detail for the slashing linear rhythms that connote elemental energy.
   By the mid-1960s Woollaston had travelled to Spain, England and the United States to study European works, exhibited his own work at the Museum of Modern Art in Melbourne.
   In 1970s the panoramic landscape paintings were seen as significant pieces of art which represented the familiar New Zealand landscape.
   In 1979 Woollaston was the first New Zealander named "Knight Bachelor" for his services to painting.
   As well as painting, Woollaston wrote, poetry, because had been his lifelong passion. His books included The Far-away Hills in 1960 and Sage Tea (his autobiography) in 1980.



Music



  
Māori music

   New Zealand’s musical heritage dates back to the arrival of the first Māori in Aotearoa. Musical traditions, in the form of waiata (songs) and haka (dance), were passed down from generation to generation and grew from their Polynesian roots.

   The ancient Maori folk music was composed almost entirely of songs, waiata, divided into several groups according to their style and ritual or social function.




Music haka
   “haka” is describes as a composition played by many instruments. Hands, feet, legs, body, voice, tongue, and eyes all play their part in blending together to convey in their fullness the challenge, welcome, exultation, defiance or contempt of the words.

Today, the music composed and performed by Māori not only includes and draws on traditional waiata and haka, but also includes rock and roll, soul, reggae, R&B and hip hop.



Richard Nunns 

   One of the biggest contributors to Māori music and New Zealand’s foremost authority on taonga pūoro is Richard Nunns. He began his musical journey playing jazz, but very soon discovered the rich tradition of native New Zealand music. he has re-introduced many New Zealanders to their musical heritage.

   Instruments as flutes, wooden trumpets, and percussion instruments are used to interpret the maori music. These instruments are made of bone, wood, pounamu and stone, you can now be heard again in recordings and performances.





Literature

  The varied literary tradition from New Zealand to its rich Maori and Polynesian heritage is as much as to the history of its pioneers.
The first successes of the New Zealand literature were of foreign writers like Katherine Mansfield. Since the 1950s Frank Sargeson,  Janet Frame and others. The main literary form of New Zealand was the short story, but in recent decade’s novels as Once Were Warriors by Alan Duff, The Vintner's Luck, Elizabeth Knox and others have been both critical and popular success.

"Once Were Warriors" is a novel by Alan Duff, published in 1990 in New Zealand. It tells the story of an urban Maori family, Hekes, and portrays the reality of domestic violence in New Zealand. This novel is strongly influenced by childhood experiences lived by the author. 
   this novel is made ​​into a film in 1994, The film tells the story of an urban Māori family and Their Hekes the problems with poverty, alcoholism and domestic violence, mostly by family patriarch brought` on Jake.
   Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, poetry flourished in the hands of Allen Curnow and James K. Baxter. Also excels Vincent O'Sullivan, who is the current exponent playwright and short story.


   


James K. Baxter was one of New Zealand's best poets Known and loved best. In his short life have produced a huge number of poems, as well as plays, literary criticism, and social and religious commentary.
   This poet was deeply Catholic and highly contradictory. His poems were inspired by religious beliefs, family and personal experiences.


Poem
“Next to the tomb of Theseus”
The brambles and tangle Gramal
On the mound of gigantic bones
This king despised mother love
He subdued the bullfighting chaos up
An aqueduct, a cenotaph.
His bones rot like all other
Human hatred, human fault
Move the state machine.
The lame beggar at the door waiting
You are free to laugh or spit yet.
Those branches are germinated entangled

On bones who never knew love.



Questions

   Why do we play the game of “make-believe?
   We play the game of make-believe, that consciously and unconsciously we focus on the story that the artist presents us. Doing our imagination creates or thinks certain people, objects or events that occur in theater, movie or books that we see or read no are reflected and are nonexistent in our own reality.

In what sense the artistic imagination is a window to reality, according to Ryken?

   The artistic imagination is a window to reality in the sense that it helps to understand and interpret the world around us. Simplifying or maximizing features or objects that can be brought from imagination to reality, thus giving birth to a new creation or interpretation of something.


      
      What is important to your own community today to be considered by current artist?
   For our community today the most important themes are: love, passion and social problem how; health, education and politics, etc.

         If you were an artist… what you would consider to be written about. Why?
   If I were an artist, I would consider to written a novel that include social problems and, a tragically story of love. Because today there are many problems that need attention and this would be one of the most appropriate ways to get people interested and be aware of them.
 I think that the people in our community are more interesting to read this type of novel with a different ending.
                       
      Do you consider yourself a handicapped neighbour or are you the professional imaginator your own community is looking for? Why?

   Because I think not having the necessary imagination required to create large or small pieces of art, like movies, art and books. Also I don´t have the quality to clearly express ideas, thoughts or softy emotions in order to bring awareness and positive or negative changes in the readers or recipients of these pieces of art, they need or would like to have them in the community.




When have you been given “voice, eyes, ears and tactile sense when in front of a piece of art?
   When I was in high school I read the book “Juventud en Extasis” by Carlos Cuauhtémoc Sanchez.  This book excited me deeply because the story is presented in. I felt, I could see the characters as if they really existed, I felt your pain and hear their cries. I was completely immersed in the book that I could see, feel and hear the characters as if his story were mine.

Name three pieces of art which have given you voice, eyes and/ or tactile sense.

·         Book: Verónika decide morír by Paulo Coelho
·         Movie: P.S. I Love You
·         Book: “La casa de los espiritus by Isabel Allende

      What is the sense or meaning of “see” in Conrad´s words?
   The sense or meaning of “see” in Conrad´s words is referring that the artists want that we can “see” the reality that he is imagining or tried to express in his book. Which, I think that includes many problems taken from the reality in which he lives. He want that we “see” the real problems that experience day by day our society.


What is the meaning (not your translation) of Ryken´s words?

   The meaning of the words of Ryken, says that artists want us to be more aware and learn to understand life.


      Which have been “the things” that have awakened you a “wonderfully full, new, and intimate sense of them” when in front of any piece of art? (name three)

  The book  “el niño que enloqueció de amor” by Eduardo Barrios.
This book made me understand life, feelings and thoughts of this child that said being in love with her ​​mother's friend. His obsession was such that I get to go crazy with love.

   The book “Preguntale a Alicia” Anónimo. I could understand the life that had this teenage girl with, low self-esteem and difficulty making friends. Because of this begins to take refuge in drugs to become addicted.


   Movie “the Notebook”, when I saw this movie I could understand the immense love and passion that this couple felt. Enduring problems, diseases and lies to be together. 


           What is the meaning of the words “highly organized version “?

highly organized version  it is the world of literatura this mean that in the world of literatura it is a kind of versión of the real world but in this case people, images are presenting more complicated or more organized to avoid distractions. An example may be “ Don quijote de la mancha”

     Give three examples of a kind of imagined reality or world in a piece of art which is no available in any other way.

·         Hamlet (Shakespeare)
·         “The Persistence of Memory,” (Salvador Dalí)
·         Macbeth (Shakespeare)




      What is, then, the relationship between real wolrd and the imagine one? What is art for, then, if it is no the truth?

·         Exists a relationship between the real Word and the imagine one because the imagined world often must be built with basic terms of the real world after that imagined world is freer to creat anything in this world.

·         Art often is not the truth because art has elements that does not exist in the real world but this does not mean that art makes lies but art just has freedom to recreate the real world.


*Names three pieces of art from which you have received a certain “vision”/ Explain

·         La razón de los amantes, Pablo Simotti: This piece of literature made me feel the vision of the author. I feel connected to the work because I know homosexual people and so I always worry that things like this will happen to them.
·         Todas ibamos hacer reinas, Gabriela Mistral: Gabriel Mistral is from this region, and the poem is about young girls who have big dreams. Gabriela Mistral managed to achieve her dreams, she is incredibly famous in Chile and worldwide and so it makes me believe that I can achieve my dreams!
·         The Diary of Anne Frank: It made me understand the extent to which humans can be cruel, and the resilience that people can show in times of extreme suffering. I saw this clearly from the perspective of Anne Frank who went through this experience.

*Name three pieces of art which have created delight, enjoyment and entertainment to you. Explain why.

  •       El Secreto en sus Ojos
  •        The Shining
  •        Psycho

The way that the director brought the script to life, casted the parts and organised the score gave me so much joy. I love the way that a good director can masterfully bring all the creative elements of a film together to créate a masterpiece. A well constructed film delights me.

* Bring a poem or a short text which has produced those feelings.
                                                                
 El mañana no le está asegurado a nadie, joven o viejo. Hoy puede ser la última vez que veas a los que amas. Por eso, no esperes más. Hazlo hoy, por si el mañana nunca llega. Seguramente lamentarás el día que no tomaste tiempo para una sonrisa, un abrazo, un beso y que estuviste muy ocupado para concederles un último deseo.

Mantén a los que amas cerca de ti. Diles al oído lo mucho que los necesitas, quiérelos y trátalos bien. Toma tiempo para decirles,”Lo siento,” “Perdóname,” “Por favor,” “Gracias,” y todas las palabras de amor que conozcas.

*Name three pieces of art (bring them to the class) that have deepened and broadened your understanding of yourself or others

La casa de los espiritus, Isabel Allende: I didn’t fully realise the stuggle of the Chilean people during the Pinochet dictatorship until I read
·         Allende’s book. It made me realice how lucky I am to live in Chile now as opposed to in that period.

·         La vida es bella and Child Soldiers would be the other two pieces of art that broand me understanding of other people and the pain and struggle from other countrys.

*Give three complete examples (play, painting and statue) of enlargement of your beings, in Lewis’ sense and explain why these three pieces of work have produced such an enlargement of the sense of reality.

·         Don Quijote de la Mancha: The play is symbolic of the plight that every family goes through when an elderly realtive begins to degenerate mentally. It enlarged my being in the sense that it made me realise from Cervantes’ perspective that it is all too easy to ignore the problem when in fact it is a struggle that every family member must face. 

·         Starry Sky: Van Gough. The artist saw beauty in an everyday thing. He recognised the majesty of the nights sky in a way that others before him had not and through his perspective he made me realise the wonder of everyday things and enlarge my being in that sense.


·         Henry Ford Hospital 1932, Frida Kahlo: Kahlo represented a darker side of being a woman that is not talked about in our society and is essentially taboo. The painting enlarged my being in the sense that I didn’t understand the full implication of woman until Kahlo enlarged my sense of reality as a female.